Industry News

Understanding FAA Part 107 Certification Requirements

Nigel Mancebo
December 28, 2024
4 min read
A soldier remotely controls a drone. Control panel in military hands.

If you want to fly drones commercially in the United States—whether for photography, inspections, real estate, or any business purpose—you must obtain an FAA Part 107 Remote Pilot Certificate. This comprehensive guide explains everything you need to know about getting certified and maintaining your credentials.

What is FAA Part 107?

Part 107 is the set of regulations governing commercial unmanned aircraft operations in the United States. Implemented by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on August 29, 2016, these rules establish the legal framework for flying drones for business purposes.

Part 107 replaced the previous Section 333 exemption process, making it significantly easier for commercial drone operators to conduct legal operations. The certification demonstrates that you understand:

  • Aviation regulations and airspace classification
  • Weather patterns and their impact on flight operations
  • Drone performance characteristics and limitations
  • Emergency procedures and risk management
  • Physiological factors affecting pilot performance
  • Aeronautical decision-making processes

Who Needs Part 107 Certification?

You need a Part 107 certificate if you're flying a drone for ANY commercial purpose, including:

Requires Part 107

  • ✓ Real estate photography/videography
  • ✓ Construction site inspections
  • ✓ Infrastructure inspections
  • ✓ Wedding and event photography
  • ✓ Agricultural surveying
  • ✓ Search and rescue operations
  • ✓ News gathering and journalism
  • ✓ YouTube videos if monetized

Recreational (No Cert Needed)

  • ○ Personal hobby flying
  • ○ Family photos/videos (not sold)
  • ○ Recreational racing
  • ○ Personal YouTube (not monetized)
  • ○ Flying for fun only
  • Note: Recreational flying still requires following safety guidelines and registering your drone

Important Clarification

If you take a photo with your drone and later decide to sell it or use it for business, that photo was taken commercially and required Part 107 certification at the time of capture. "I'll get my license later" doesn't work—the rules apply at the moment of flight.

Eligibility Requirements

To be eligible for a Part 107 Remote Pilot Certificate, you must:

  • Be at least 16 years old
  • Read, speak, write, and understand English (English language waivers available for medical emergencies)
  • Be in physical and mental condition to safely fly a drone
  • Pass the aeronautical knowledge test at an FAA-approved testing center

Note: You do NOT need a manned aircraft pilot's license to get Part 107 certification. The requirements are completely separate from traditional pilot licensing.

The Certification Process: Step-by-Step

1

Register with the FAA

Create an account in the FAA's Integrated Airman Certification and Rating Application (IACRA) system at iacra.faa.gov

  • Provide personal information and identification
  • Receive your FAA Tracking Number (FTN)
  • Time required: 15-20 minutes
2

Study for the Knowledge Test

The Part 107 exam covers a wide range of aviation topics. Most people spend 10-20 hours studying, depending on their aviation background.

Study Resources:

  • FAA's free study guide: "Remote Pilot - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Study Guide"
  • Online courses: Pilot Institute, UAV Coach, Drone Pilot Ground School ($150-$300)
  • YouTube tutorials and practice tests
  • Mobile apps with practice questions
3

Schedule and Take the Exam

Once you're confident in your knowledge, schedule your exam at an FAA-approved Knowledge Testing Center (usually PSI or CATS testing centers).

  • Cost: $175 (as of 2024)
  • Questions: 60 multiple-choice questions
  • Time Limit: 2 hours
  • Passing Score: 70% or higher (42+ correct answers)
  • Materials Allowed: Non-programmable calculator; FAA provides charts and references
4

Complete FAA Form 8710-13

After passing the exam, complete your application in the IACRA system within 90 days of your test date.

  • Submit electronically through IACRA
  • No in-person visit to FAA office required
  • Processing time: 1-2 weeks typically
5

Receive Your Certificate

The FAA will review your application and issue your Remote Pilot Certificate.

  • Temporary certificate available immediately online
  • Permanent certificate mailed within 2-4 weeks
  • Digital certificate available in FAADroneZone
  • Valid for 24 months from issuance

What's Covered on the Exam?

The Part 107 knowledge test assesses your understanding of the following topic areas:

Regulations (15-20 questions)

  • Part 107 operational limitations and requirements
  • Airspace classification and restrictions
  • Preflight inspection procedures
  • Remote pilot responsibilities and crew resource management
  • Aircraft registration and marking requirements

Airspace & Requirements (15-20 questions)

  • Class B, C, D, and E airspace operations
  • Special use airspace and Temporary Flight Restrictions
  • Authorization requirements (LAANC system)
  • Airport operations and communication procedures
  • Sectional chart reading and interpretation

Weather (10-15 questions)

  • Aviation weather reports (METARs and TAFs)
  • Weather theory and hazardous conditions
  • Wind and atmospheric stability
  • Cloud formations and visibility
  • Effects of weather on drone performance

Aircraft Performance (8-12 questions)

  • Weight and balance considerations
  • Battery performance and flight time
  • Aerodynamics and flight characteristics
  • Effects of atmospheric conditions on performance
  • Load factors and limitations

Emergency Procedures (5-10 questions)

  • Lost link procedures
  • Emergency landing procedures
  • Accident and incident reporting
  • Risk assessment and mitigation
  • Aeronautical decision-making (ADM)

Part 107 Operational Limitations

Once certified, you must operate within specific parameters established by Part 107:

Standard Operating Rules

  • Maximum Altitude: 400 feet AGL (above ground level)
  • Maximum Speed: 100 mph (87 knots)
  • Visual Line of Sight: Must maintain VLOS at all times
  • Visibility: Minimum 3 statute miles
  • Operating Time: Daytime only (30 minutes before sunrise to 30 minutes after sunset)
  • People: Cannot fly directly over people not involved in operation (without waiver)
  • Moving Vehicles: Cannot operate from moving aircraft or vehicles
  • External Load: No carrying hazardous materials

Operations Requiring Waivers

If your operation requires exceeding standard limitations, you can apply for an FAA waiver for:

  • Operations over people
  • Night operations (without anti-collision lighting)
  • Beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) operations
  • Operations from moving vehicles or aircraft
  • Multiple drones operated by single pilot

Waiver applications are submitted through the FAA DroneZone and typically take 90-120 days for processing. Approval rates vary significantly depending on the complexity and risk mitigation measures proposed.

Maintaining Your Certification

Recurrent Training (Every 24 Months)

Your Part 107 certificate expires every 24 months. To maintain certification, you must complete recurrent training before expiration:

Option 1: Online Recurrent Training

  • ✓ Complete FAA-approved online course
  • ✓ Available through multiple providers
  • ✓ Cost: Free to $50
  • ✓ Time: 1-2 hours
  • ✓ No test center visit required
  • ✓ Immediate certificate renewal

Option 2: Knowledge Test

  • ○ Retake full Part 107 exam
  • ○ Visit testing center
  • ○ Cost: $175
  • ○ Time: 2+ hours plus study time
  • ○ Same 70% passing score
  • ○ Most pilots choose online option

Staying Current with Regulations

Aviation regulations change regularly. Professional drone pilots stay informed through:

  • FAA Safety Team (FAASTeam) webinars and seminars
  • Industry association newsletters and bulletins
  • Professional development courses
  • Regulatory update notifications
  • Peer networking and knowledge sharing

"Getting my Part 107 certification was one of the best professional decisions I've made. It opened doors to commercial opportunities, gave me confidence in operating legally and safely, and provided the knowledge foundation to build a successful drone services business."

NM
Nigel Mancebo
FAA Part 107 Certified Pilot, LNM1968

Tips for Exam Success

  • 1
    Focus on Understanding, Not Memorization: The exam tests comprehension of concepts, not rote memorization. Understand WHY rules exist, not just what they are.
  • 2
    Master Sectional Chart Reading: You'll receive sectional chart excerpts during the exam. Practice interpreting airspace, altitudes, and obstacles.
  • 3
    Practice METAR and TAF Interpretation: Weather reports use aviation codes. Learn to decode them quickly and accurately.
  • 4
    Take Multiple Practice Tests: Use online practice exams to identify weak areas and build confidence.
  • 5
    Don't Rush: You have 2 hours for 60 questions. Take your time, read carefully, and review flagged questions before submitting.

Beyond the Certificate: Building Your Skills

Passing Part 107 is just the beginning. Professional drone pilots continue developing their skills through:

  • Flight Hours: Practice in various conditions to build proficiency
  • Specialized Training: Thermal imaging, mapping, inspection-specific courses
  • Advanced Certifications: Industry-specific credentials (thermography, GIS, etc.)
  • Insurance and Bonding: Professional liability coverage
  • Business Development: Marketing, client management, pricing strategies

Ready to Get Certified?

Start your journey to becoming a professional commercial drone pilot today. The Part 107 certificate opens doors to exciting opportunities in aerial photography, inspections, and more.

Share This Article